Explore Temperature, Rainfall, and Climate Change Indicators
The climate in the Sultanate of Oman is characterized by diversity and variation between coastal areas, inland regions, and mountainous highlands, due to the country’s wide expanse and varied topography. Generally, the country experiences a hot and dry desert climate, with high temperatures in summer and relatively lower temperatures in winter, along with low annual rainfall—except in some mountainous and coastal areas that receive seasonal rainfall. The Sultanate is also occasionally affected by tropical systems coming from the Arabian Sea, bringing heavy rains and strong winds, especially in the southern and eastern governorates.
The climate data presented in this section are derived from eleven ground observation stations distributed across all governorates of the Sultanate of Oman and include key climatic elements such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and rainfall amount. It is important to note that if data for a particular station does not appear, this is usually because no reading was recorded at that monitoring station during that period.
According to the most recent climate data in Oman, the average temperatures vary throughout the year. The winter months are the coolest, with averaging °C, at °C, and reaching °C. In the summer, temperatures rise significantly, with averaging °C, at °C, and at °C. These figures highlight Oman’s distinct seasonal changes and help understand which months are cooler or hotter for residents and visitors.
The highest average temperatures recorded in Oman for the last year were: °C in , followed by °C in . You can explore the details through the following chart.
°C: Degrees Celsius
Knot: a unit of speed equal to 1 nautical mile per hour, commonly used to measure wind speed in aviation and maritime contexts. One knot equals approximately 1.15 miles per hour (mph) or 1.852 kilometers per hour (km/h)
mm: Millimeters
"Select the Temperature Type and Governorate to view interactive data."
The average humidity reached % in .
In the latest available year, the highest measured humidity levels were % at in , followed by % at in .
Humidity in Oman shows clear geographic and seasonal patterns. Coastal governorates (especially along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman) experience considerably higher humidity year-round, with the humid season peaking in the warmer months, while interior and highland areas tend to be drier, especially during daytime. These humidity differences affect comfort levels, cloud formation, and local weather such as sea breezes and morning fog near coastlines. Monitoring station data helps visualise these spatial and seasonal variations and supports planning in sectors such as agriculture, health, and tourism.
"Select the Humidity Type and Governorate to view interactive data."
The average wind speed recorded in the most recent month was knots .
In the latest available year, the highest wind speeds were knots at , followed by knots at .
Wind speed in Oman varies considerably by location and season. Coastal areas and exposed headlands typically experience stronger and more persistent winds due to sea-breeze circulations and open fetch across the Arabian Sea and Gulf of Oman, while inland and sheltered valleys see lower average speeds. Seasonal patterns are influenced by the summer monsoon and winter pressure systems, which affect wind direction and intensity. These wind characteristics are important for marine operations, aviation, renewable energy siting (wind farms), and local weather forecasting.
Rainfall in Oman varies widely across regions and seasons due to the country’s diverse geography and climate patterns. Coastal and southern areas, particularly Dhofar, receive higher rainfall influenced by the Khareef monsoon, while most interior governorates remain predominantly dry throughout the year. Annual rainfall is generally low, but intense short-duration storms can occur during winter systems or tropical weather events.
The rainfall recorded for the latest year reached mm in .
The highest measured rainfall amounts in the most recent year were mm at in , followed by mm at in .
Tracking rainfall levels across monitoring stations helps identify seasonal patterns, assess water availability, support flood preparedness, and guide planning in agriculture, infrastructure, and environmental management. These variations are crucial for understanding Oman’s hydrological conditions and informing long-term resource strategies.